http://www.cs.bgsu.edu/maner/ethicomp95/keynote3.html
http://phobienbuon.com/pbb/books/chapter39.pdf
http://phobienbuon.com/pbb/books/djmacasestudy.pdf
http://phobienbuon.com/pbb/books/Nielsen-IEEE-1992.pdf
http://phobienbuon.com/pbb/books/scenarios.pdf
http://phobienbuon.com/pbb/books/usability_b.pdf
http://phobienbuon.com/pbb/books/UsabilityLifeCycle.pdf
The house of Chanel was founded by Gabrielle Bonheur “Coco” Chanel in 1910. Coco Chanel was one of the most significant fashion designers of all times. She revolutionizes women?s wear and set new standards for the contemporary style. Coco got into fashion opening up a small shop which first sold ladies hats. Soon Coco and her house conquered not only Paris but the rest of the fashion world. The corporate name Chanel became an icon of elegance and from then on, the Chanel logo became synonymous to elegance, wealth, and elitism as well as a standard for international fashion. The Chanel logo design was designed in 1925 by Coco Chanel herself and remained unchanged ever since. It turned out to be one of the most recognizable symbols in the fashion world with its overlapping double ‘C’ - one facing forward and the other facing backward. Chanel’s logo is frequently seen in perfumes, purses, shoes, and jewelry.
Coca Cola
One of the worlds most recognised logos, the Coca-Cola brand dates back to 1886, where initially it sold very well in Atlanta Georgia because the city was the subject of local alcohol prohibition at the time. The signature used in the logo was sketched by their Publicity Director at the time, Franc Robinson.
http://www.logoorange.com/logodesign-C.php
Famous logos make you instantly remember the company and its product. They are recognized and valued everywhere. The most common feature of all famous logos is their simplicity of design. Most of the famous logos are simple, attractive, and eye-catching.
Famous logos are not created overnight. It takes years of labor to make them ingrained on the mind of the people. Multi-national companies spend millions of dollars to establish their logos on the psyche of the people.
Today, the market is filled with numerous brands of products, but only a few products stand out from the rest. Famous logos are recognized beyond the boundaries of language, race or nation. For example, the blue and red ball of Pepsi would be universally identified, even if the name were written in an unknown language.
Famous text logos include those of Coca Cola, IBM, Volkswagen, General Electric, Fiat, McDonalds, Nokia, LG, Toyota, and Intel. Among companies that use famous symbol logos are Mercedes, Apple, Mitsubishi, Cadillac, Ferrari, Renault, Porsche, and Subaru. Famous combination logos include Sprite, Walt Disney, Taco Bell, Pepsi, Burger King, Jack Daniel’s, and Mr. Bubble.
Most of the famous logos are planned with the perceptive of reflecting the nature of the company and name of the brand. With the intention of impressing customers of all age groups, famous brand logos are designed with utmost care. Companies spend thousands of dollars to design logos that qualify to be termed famous. To ensure that the logos are catchy, vibrant colors and stylish fonts are used.
Thus, all famous logos have unique looks and high ambience. They depict the qualities of the product, as well as the corporate philosophy.
Logos provides detailed information on Logos, Logo Designs, Corporate Logos, Trademark Logos and more. Logos is affiliated with Business Logo Design.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Eric_Morris
Apple logo, Google logo, BMW Logo, IBM Logo, Yahoo logo, Nike logo, Pepsi Logo, Toyota logo, CocaCola logo, Harley Davidson Logo are some examples of world famous logos. You would definitely want your company logo to stand in line with these famous logos.
What has made these logos so famous?
One thing that is very obvious in these logos is that these logo designs are very simple. No fancy or complex graphic art work done. But yet they are excellent memory triggers.
Elements that help in making Logos famous
Whether you are planning to operate internationally or want to market your product and services regionally. The elements of designing a logo would remain the same. Let’s take a look at these elements:
* Logo design should be simple and should not create confusion.
* Should follow the designing principles of color, form, consistency and clarity.
* Should be effective in full colors as well as in black and white.
* Should not lose its look and feel if reproduced on different objects.
* Should be able to project company’s image, strength and integrity.
Whether your company belongs to hospitality industry, consumer or industrial good and services industry, Education, Religion, Travel and tourism industry, Estate and property etc. your logo design should contain all the above elements. These elements will help in making your logo stand in line with famous logos.
You can now study the world famous logos by simply clicking on the links given below. You will not only be able to review the logo but also study its history and learn what makes a logo famous.
http://www.logoorange.com/logodesign-C.php
http://ezinearticles.com/?Famous-Logos&id=410058
http://www.logoblog.org/famous_logo_design.php
TCP/UDP Ports Explained
Introduction
In this tutorial we will discuss the concept of Ports and how they work with IP addresses. If you have not read our article on IP addresses and need a brush up, you can find the article here. If you understand the concepts of IP addresses, then lets move on to TCP and UDP ports and how they work.
The devices and comptuers connected to the Internet use a protocol called TCP/IP to communicate with each other. When a computer in New York wants to send a piece of data to a computer in England, it must know the destination IP address that it woud like to send the information to. That information is sent most often via two methods, UDP and TCP.
The two Internet workhorses: UDP and TCP
UDP? TCP? I know you are getting confused, but I promise I will explain this in very basic terms so that you can understand this concept.
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol. Using this method, the computer sending the data connects directly to the computer it is sending the data it to, and stay connected for the duration of the transfer. With this method, the two computers can guarantee that the data has arrived safely and correctly, and then they disconnect the connection. This method of transferring data tends to be quicker and more reliable, but puts a higher load on the computer as it has to monitor the connection and the data going across it. A real life comparison to this method would be to pick up the phone and call a friend. You have a conversation and when it is over, you both hang up, releasing the connection.
UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol. Using this method, the computer sending the data packages the information into a nice little package and releases it into the network with the hopes that it will get to the right place. What this means is that UDP does not connect directly to the receiving computer like TCP does, but rather sends the data out and relies on the devices in between the sending computer and the receiving computer to get the data where it is supposed to go properly. This method of transmission does not provide any guarantee that the data you send will ever reach its destination. On the other hand, this method of transmission has a very low overhead and is therefore very popular to use for services that are not that important to work on the first try. A comparison you can use for this method is the plain old US Postal Service. You place your mail in the mailbox and hope the Postal Service will get it to the proper location. Most of the time they do, but sometimes it gets lost along the way.
Now that you understand what TCP and UDP are, we can start discussing TCP and UDP ports in detail. Lets move on to the next section where we can describe the concept of ports better.
TCP and UDP Ports
As you know every computer or device on the Internet must have a unique number assigned to it called the IP address. This IP address is used to recognize your particular computer out of the millions of other computers connected to the Internet. When information is sent over the Internet to your computer how does your computer accept that information? It accepts that information by using TCP or UDP ports.
An easy way to understand ports is to imagine your IP address is a cable box and the ports are the different channels on that cable box. The cable company knows how to send cable to your cable box based upon a unique serial number associated with that box (IP Address), and then you receive the individual shows on different channels (Ports).
Ports work the same way. You have an IP address, and then many ports on that IP address. When I say many, I mean many. You can have a total of 65,535 TCP Ports and another 65,535 UDP ports. When a program on your computer sends or receives data over the Internet it sends that data to an ip address and a specific port on the remote computer, and receives the data on a usually random port on its own computer. If it uses the TCP protocol to send and receive the data then it will connect and bind itself to a TCP port. If it uses the UDP protocol to send and receive data, it will use a UDP port. Figure 1, below, is a represenation of an IP address split into its many TCP and UDP ports. Note that once an application binds itself to a particular port, that port can not be used by any other application. It is first come, first served.
<------------------------ 192.168.1.10 -------------------->
0–1–2–3–4–5–..–..–..–.. –..–..–..–..–65531–65532–65533–65534–65535
Figure 1. IP address with Ports
This all probably still feels confusing to you, and there is nothing wrong with that, as this is a complicated concept to grasp. Therefore, I will give you an example of how this works in real life so you can have a better understanding. We will use web servers in our example as you all know that a web server is a computer running an application that allows other computers to connect to it and retrieve the web pages stored there.
In order for a web server to accept connections from remote computers, such as yourself, it must bind the web server application to a local port. It will then use this port to listen for and accept connections from remote computers. Web servers typically bind to the TCP port 80, which is what the http protocol uses by default, and then will wait and listen for connections from remote devices. Once a device is connected, it will send the requested web pages to the remote device, and when done disconnect the connection.
On the other hand, if you are the remote user connecting to a web server it would work in reverse. Your web browser would pick a random TCP port from a certain range of port numbers, and attempt to connect to port 80 on the IP address of the web server. When the connection is established, the web browser will send the request for a particular web page and receive it from the web server. Then both computers will disconnect the connection.
Now, what if you wanted to run an FTP server, which is a server that allows you to transfer and receive files from remote computers, on the same web server. FTP servers use TCP ports 20 and 21 to send and receive information, so you won’t have any conflicts with the web server running on TCP port 80. Therefore, the FTP server application when it starts will bind itself to TCP ports 20 and 21, and wait for connections in order to send and receive data.
Most major applications have a specific port that they listen on and they register this information with an organization called IANA. You can see a list of applications and the ports they use at the IANA Registry. With developers registering the ports their applications use with IANA, the chances of two programs attempting to use the same port, and therefore causing a conflict, will be diminished.
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Source from:
Lawrence Abrams
Bleeping Computer Advanced Internet Concepts Tutorial
http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/tutorial38.html